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Student Loan Refinance:
Protect Federal Benefits Before Comparing Rates

First separate federal and private student loans. Replacing a federal loan with a private loan can permanently remove federal repayment, deferment, discharge and forgiveness options. For the private loans you are considering refinancing1, compare the new rate, term, total repayment, fixed or variable rate and cosigner terms.

Check Federal Benefits2 Before Chasing a Lower Rate

Check eligibility factorsRequirements vary by lender and product.
Compare total costReview APR, fees, payment and repayment.
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Student Loan Refinance journey

How a Student Loan Refinance Decision Moves

Define the need, compare structures and review the complete offer.

1

People

Real needs.

Illustrative borrowers with different needs
Current payoffNew termBreak-even point
2

Need timeline

Required arrival.

Todayurgent need
7 dayscompare
30+ daysplanned
3

Compare solutions

Timing-fit routes.

Keep currentNo new closing
RefinanceReplace current debt
Pay down firstReduce balance
4

Compare offer & choose

Cost, terms and fit.

$APR + fees
$Monthly payment
$Total repayment
5

Funding timeline

If approved.

ApplicationPayoffNew loan
Funds available, if approved
Author

Chrissi Rhea

Published

Editor

Patricia Cook

Edited

Reviewer

Michael Sterner

Reviewed

Page last updated
Just Right Loans Financial StandardJust Right Loans financial standardAuthored, edited and reviewedPeople, process and supporting evidence
A clear starting point

From the cost to your next step

Use these three steps in order. Open a worksheet when you need to check your own figures.

  1. Define the needStart with the amount, purpose and timing you actually need to cover.
  2. Compare like for likeCheck net proceeds, APR, fees, term and total repayment on the same basis.
  3. Choose the next stepCheck payment fit, unresolved information and alternatives before applying.
Step 1Verify the need & inputsWork from the page-specific facts before comparing a loan.+

What to check first

  • Loan-by-loan classification
    What to check
    Identify federal, private, institutional or unknown status using servicer/owner records and StudentAid.gov presence.
  • Federal benefits in use or potentially relevant
    What to check
    IDR, deferment/forbearance, discharge, forgiveness, PSLF and other program paths require current official review.
  • Private refinanceable subset
    What to check
    Only balances appropriate for private replacement enter the cost engine.
  • Current and new terms
    What to check
    Compare fixed/variable rate, payment, total remaining repayment and debt-free date.
  • Cosigner result
    What to check
    Document whether a cosigner is added, remains liable, can be released and under what exact current rule.
  • Profession / residency / eligibility
    What to check
    Use only direct lender rules; do not infer special programs from occupation alone.
Your planning tools

Check your own figures

Use these page-specific checks to work through inputs that can materially change the decision. They supplement the decision framework and do not predict approval or replace a lender’s written disclosures.

Loan / Benefit Input Check

Track unresolved questions and the next details to verify.
Open

This gate runs before any private-lender rate field. CFPB has documented deceptive marketing where borrowers were not clearly told that refinancing federal loans into private loans forfeits federal forgiveness benefits. Treat the conversion as irreversible.

Mark each item after checking the relevant document or provider terms. The list below updates to show the unanswered questions and items needing attention.

Planning only. These calculations use your inputs, do not check live provider terms and do not establish approval or available funding. Nothing entered here is saved or sent to a lender.

Enter the figures to calculate.

What to verify for this decision

Gate behavior: UNKNOWN stops private recommendation until classified.

Gate behavior: Potential PSLF value -> KEEP FEDERAL unless borrower knowingly rejects it after authoritative review.

Gate behavior: Model federal payment option before private refinance.

Gate behavior: Do not assume private hardship options are equivalent.

Gate behavior: Potential benefit loss must be explicit.

Gate behavior: Refinance can alter protections; obtain authoritative guidance.

Gate behavior: May change federal remediation options and private eligibility.

Gate behavior: No private federal-loan refi route before this screen.

Comparison Item Check

After the federal-benefit gate, compare the loans that remain eligible. For a mixed portfolio, compare refinancing private loans while leaving federal loans untouched.

Comparison itemExisting eligible loan(s)Proposed private refinance
BalancePer-loan current principalNew principal to pay selected loans
Rate type / APR3Fixed or variable per loanFixed or variable new rate
Remaining termMonths/years by loanNew term
Monthly payment4Current total on selected loansNew payment
FeesCurrent future required fees5 if anyOrigination/other borrower fees
Autopay discountCurrentNew, with conditions
Hardship / release featuresCurrent lender policyNew lender policy
Total dollars from todayExpected principal + future interest/feesNew total repayment6
CosignerCurrent responsibilityRemoved / remains / new cosigner

Federal vs Private Loan Classifier

Decision formula Refinance comparison principal = sum(private loans selected after classification). Savings = current private-loan remaining outlay - new private-loan total outlay including required fees. A federal balance is not included unless the irreversible loss of federal protections is displayed and reviewed first. Variable-rate scenarios are user-selected shocks, not forecasts.
SignalFederal indicationPrivate / other indicationWhat to confirm
StudentAid.gov accountLoan appears in the official federal account.Loan may not appear there.Use official account and servicer records; absence alone is not enough.
Owner / servicerU.S. Department of Education or federal program record.Bank, credit union, school or private lender.Verify legal owner, not only the payment portal brand.
Promissory note / disclosuresFederal loan type and federal terms.Private education loan disclosures.Keep a document-level evidence record.
Repayment / forgiveness optionsFederal plans and statutory/program benefits may apply.Private relief depends on contract and lender policy.Do not infer benefits across categories.
Unknown / mixed evidenceCould be federal.Could be private or institutional.VERIFY; no refinance comparison yet.

Illustrative decision examples

Illustrative calculations and states only; not offers, approval predictions, market averages, tax advice, legal advice or provider eligibility claims.

  • Mixed stack
    Inputs / situation
    Loan stack: $30,000 federal Direct Loans on a possible PSLF/IDR path plus $25,000 private loans.
    Result and interpretation
    Keep the federal $30,000 outside the private refinance engine; compare only the verified private subset.
  • Private refi saves cost
    Inputs / situation
    Illustrative private balance $25,000 at 9% with 60 months remaining: $518.96/month and $31,137.53 total. New 6.5% for 48 months: $592.87/month and $28,457.94 total.
    Result and interpretation
    Payment rises, but illustrative total outlay falls by about $2,679.59 and debt ends sooner.
  • Payment relief, longer term
    Inputs / situation
    Illustrative $25,000 at 6.5% for 84 months is about $371.24/month and $31,183.82 total.
    Result and interpretation
    Payment falls, but total repayment is slightly higher than the current 60-month example and debt lasts two years longer.
  • Variable-rate stress
    Inputs / situation
    Illustrative $25,000 for 60 months: payment at 5.5% is $477.53; at a user-selected 8.5% scenario it is $512.91.
    Result and interpretation
    Test how changes could affect the result; this does not predict future rates.
  • Federal status unknown
    Inputs / situation
    The borrower is unsure whether a loan is federal and it does not have a clear owner/servicer record.
    Result and interpretation
    Verify the loan details on StudentAid.gov before considering private refinancing.
Step 2Compare cost, evidence & fitUse the tools and matrices to test the route on the same basis.+

Federal Benefit-Loss Gate

ConditionRequired messageOutputCTA behavior
Federal loan + PSLF / forgiveness pathPrivate refinance can permanently remove federal forgiveness access.DO NOT REFI NOW / OFFICIAL REVIEWCommercial CTA off.
Federal loan + IDR / payment protection needPrivate loan may not offer equivalent repayment or hardship protections.CAUTION / OFFICIAL REVIEWCommercial CTA off until reviewed.
Federal loan + status unclearClassification must be confirmed through official records.VERIFYCommercial CTA off.
Private-only stackNo federal protection-loss gate for the selected balances.PRIVATE-ONLY CONTINUECost comparison may proceed.
Mixed stackKeep federal balances outside the private engine unless deliberately selected after warning.SPLIT ROUTEPrivate subset only.

Credit inquiry, timing and evidence gates

  • Rate-check stage
    Required evidence
    Use the provider direct disclosure. "Check your rate" is not automatically a no-impact promise.
    If it is not confirmed
    UNKNOWN blocks no-impact language.
  • Full application
    Required evidence
    Check separately when a hard inquiry or other review occurs.
    If it is not confirmed
    No stage compression.
  • Operational timing
    Required evidence
    Map page-specific funding, payoff, seasonal, project, title/lien, federal-benefit or draw/repayment stages.
    If it is not confirmed
    No "instant" or "same day" claim without exact direct evidence.
  • Provider identity
    Required evidence
    Identify lender/originator, marketplace, servicer or program role and state restrictions.
    If it is not confirmed
    Unclear role returns STOP / UNKNOWN.
  • Field freshness
    Required evidence
    Keep the current source, check date and any conditions for information that may change.
    If it is not confirmed
    Stale/conflicting field is removed or shown UNKNOWN.
  • JRL partner inventory
    Required evidence
    Confirm actual provider/product/profile/state support internally before matching language.
    If it is not confirmed
    Unverified coverage permits informational CTA only.

Decision routes

  • Private-only refinance
    Use when
    All selected loans are verified private; cost/term/rate-type result passes.
    Next step
    Compare current direct lender terms.
    Result
    CONDITIONAL
  • Split refinance
    Use when
    Private subset may benefit while federal loans remain federal.
    Next step
    Keep balances and benefits separated.
    Result
    CONDITIONAL
  • Federal repayment review
    Use when
    Federal loans, IDR, PSLF, forgiveness, discharge or hardship options are material.
    Next step
    Use StudentAid.gov and the servicer before private replacement.
    Result
    OFFICIAL ROUTE
  • Federal Direct Consolidation
    Use when
    The job is federal loan management, not private rate replacement.
    Next step
    Use the official federal consolidation owner.
    Result
    OFFICIAL ROUTE
  • Cosigner-focused route
    Use when
    Private refinance may add/remove a cosigner and direct rules are verified.
    Next step
    Compare liability, release conditions and term/cost.
    Result
    VERIFY LENDER
  • No refinance
    Use when
    Savings, payment resilience, fixed/variable risk or federal-protection gate fails.
    Next step
    Keep current structure or use official relief options.
    Result
    STOP

When this route should stop

  • Any loan is federal or possibly federal and the benefit-loss warning has not been completed.
  • A page describes federal consolidation and private refinancing as interchangeable.
  • The refinance lowers payment only by materially extending the term and raising total cost without disclosure.
  • A variable rate is presented as cheaper without a stress scenario and clear nonforecast language.
  • Cosigner release, profession-specific access or residency eligibility is assumed rather than directly verified.
  • Current federal program information is stale or taken from a private roundup instead of official sources.
Step 3Decide, stop or choose an alternativeKeep negative outcomes and no-borrow routes visible.+

Alternatives and no-borrow paths

  • Federal Loan Simulator / repayment plan review
    How it changes the decision
    Use current official tools and rules for federal loans.
  • Federal Direct Consolidation
    How it changes the decision
    Consider only for an appropriate federal management objective and review benefit changes.
  • Private lender hardship / due-date option
    How it changes the decision
    Ask the current private lender for documented relief before replacing the loan.
  • Targeted extra payments
    How it changes the decision
    Apply extra funds to the highest-rate loan when affordable and correctly directed.
  • No refinance
    How it changes the decision
    Preserve federal protections or the current private structure when the new offer fails.

Before you continue

Continue only after the page-specific gates pass Any federal or unknown loan triggers the benefit-loss gate before a private refinance comparison. Commercial routing is limited to a verified private-only subset unless the user knowingly chooses otherwise after official review. A neutral action may invite the user to review currently verified options, but it must not imply approval, savings, eligibility, a specific rate or guaranteed funding. Negative and UNKNOWN states suppress the positive CTA.

Just Right Loans is a free loan comparison, matching and decision-support product, not a lender. We do not make credit decisions, set APRs or fees, service loans, administer government programs, or guarantee approval, an amount, a rate, savings, eligibility, a funding time, a payoff result, a tax result or continued access to any borrower protection. A provider, servicer, program administrator or government agency controls eligibility, verification, terms, disbursement, payoff and servicing.

Frequently asked questions

Can I refinance federal student loans?

A private lender may offer to replace them, but the new loan is private and federal benefits can be permanently lost.

How do I know whether a loan is federal?

Check StudentAid.gov and the loan documents/servicer ownership. An unclear status remains VERIFY.

Is federal consolidation the same as refinancing?

No. Federal Direct Consolidation is a federal program; private refinancing creates a private loan.

Can refinancing lower my payment and still cost more?

Yes. A longer term can reduce payment while increasing total repayment and delaying the debt-free date.

Should I choose fixed or variable?

Compare payment predictability and user-selected rate-shock scenarios; do not predict future rates.

Can refinancing release a cosigner?

Some lenders may offer a different borrower/cosigner structure, but exact current eligibility and release rules must be verified.

Does Just Right Loans administer PSLF or federal repayment plans?

Just Right Loans is a free loan comparison, matching and decision-support product, not a lender. We do not make credit decisions, set APRs or fees, service loans, administer government programs, or guarantee approval, an amount, a rate, savings, eligibility, a funding time, a payoff result, a tax result or continued access to any borrower protection. A provider, servicer, program administrator or government agency controls eligibility, verification, terms, disbursement, payoff and servicing.

Matching availability

Topic-specific matching is not active on this page while final evidence or canonical verification is completed.

Quick calculator

Compare a payment scenario

Use the loan principal, contract interest rate and term to estimate monthly payments. APR can include fees and is not the same as the contract interest rate.

Estimated payment
Estimated total repayment
Estimated interest

Actual APR, fees, payment timing and total repayment come from the provider's written disclosures. Add origination or other required fees separately where applicable.

Assumes a fixed contract interest rate, equal monthly payments and no balloon payment. Do not use fee-inclusive APR as the interest rate. A deducted fee reduces cash received; other fees and payment-date differences can change the lender’s final figures.

Sources and consumer references

These references provide general consumer information. Confirm current eligibility, rates, fees, terms and availability directly with the lender or relevant agency.

Notes & explanations

  1. Compare remaining cost, not original cost. Refinancing replaces an existing obligation with a new one. Compare what remains to be paid under the current arrangement against the new payments and fees. A lower monthly payment can still mean a higher total cost. ↩ Back to text

  2. Private refinancing can give up federal rights. Moving federal student debt into a private loan gives up federal loan benefits and protections. This is not the same as federal Direct Consolidation. Compare those consequences before focusing on a new rate. ↩ Back to text

  3. APR and the interest rate. APR expresses borrowing costs on an annual basis and can include required charges beyond interest. It is not the dollar amount you will repay. Compare it alongside net cash received, the repayment term and the lender’s disclosed payment schedule. ↩ Back to text

  4. A payment that fits the budget. Payment fit refers to your budget after essential spending, existing debts and a reserve. A lender’s willingness to approve a payment does not establish that it is comfortable for your household. Check when the first payment is due. ↩ Back to text

  5. How fees affect the comparison. A fee may be deducted from the amount sent to you, financed into the balance, or paid separately. These treatments change the comparison differently. Check the written disclosure and count each charge once. ↩ Back to text

  6. Compare the full repayment cost. Compare the whole scheduled repayment, not just the monthly payment. A longer term can lower each payment while increasing interest overall. Separately paid fees and late or optional charges need their own treatment. ↩ Back to text

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